♪ Music Playing ♪ >> COMING UP NEXT ON "ARIZONA HORIZON," THE U.S.

SUPREME COUR IS BACK IN SESSION.

WE'LL HAVE A PREVIEW OF SOME OF THE BIGGER CASES ON THE DOCKET.

ALSO TONIGHT, WE'LL HEAR ABOUT HUMANITARIAN FORENSICS, WHICH LOOKS TO BRING SCIENCE INTO THE SERVICE OF HUMANITY.

AND, WE'LL MEET THE PHOENIX SYMPHONY'S NEW MUSIC DIRECTOR.

THOSE STORIES AND MORE, NEXT, O "ARIZONA HORIZON."

>> "Arizona Horizon" is made possible by contributions from the friends of Arizona PBS.

Members of your public television station.

>> GOOD EVENING AND WELCOME TO ARIZONA HORIZON.

I'M TED SIMONS.

THE U.S.

SUPREME COURT IS BACK IN SESSION, WITH SOMETHING IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD OF 60-CASES TO BE HEARD BETWEEN NOW AND LATE APRIL.

FOR A PREVIEW OF SOME OF THE MORE HIGH-PROFILE CASES ON THE DOCKET, WE WELCOME ATTORNEY STEPHEN MONTOYA, A PARTNER AT MONTOYA, LUCERO & PASTOR.

Good to see you again.

>> Thank you, sir.

>> Thank you for coming in and doing this.

How eventful does this session look to be?

>> Well, I am hoping that it's very uneventful.

But I am used to disappointments when it comes to this court.

>> 60 cases, some odd 60 some odd.

>> Now they only have like a couple of dozen so they are going to have to speed things up if they are going get to 60.

>> Yeah.

>> And they have decided so many cases recently on the so-called shadow docket.

The emergency docket, that it's kind of left their main docket emaciated.

>> I was going to ask, should we expect to see more of that kind of thing?

>> I think that we should.

I'll tell why, the executive has opportunity opportunities to bring cases to the Court, to join cases that others have brought before the Court.

So as lop as we have an aggressive executive, who is intent on expanding executive power, I think we'll see a lot of that.

>> But country that mean the lower courts, lower courts they are not touching this is things before get to the supreme court what kind of impact does that make?

>> Well, it has a bad impact.

Because Supreme Court purports to be a court of last resort.

Not a court of being media peel, interlocutory appeals they are called it kind of does slow down and retard the development of law.

>> Let's talk about some of the bigger cases and one of the biggest cases is based right here in Arizona.

A voting registration case the Republican national committee and voting talk to us about this one.

>> It's an interesting case.

It has a long history.

Back in 2013, another case that arose in Arizona, resulted in the concept decree in which the State of Arizona agreed not to require proof of citizenship in its federal voting forms.

Which were combined with the State voting registration form.

It was only one form.

And because it all contained the data required in the certifications required for federal voting, the Court go ahead, hey, you cannot require proof of citizenship, our statutes do for the require that.

So what Arizona did was truncated it divided registration form.

There was a federal form that allowed to you vote in federal elections, if you avoid by your signature, that you were a citizen.

Then there was the State one, where you were forced to require proof of citizenship.

And that was actually enjoined by the district of Arizona, it was affirmed by the Ninth Circuit.

It went up on the emergency docket to the United States Supreme Court.

And the Supreme Court enjoined enforcement of the Ninth Circuit order enjoining that bifurcated voting form.

>> Will the Supreme Court agree to that bifurcated form?

>> I think it will.

I think it will.

Under the constitution, section 1, states have authority overall voting, unless congress says something to the contrary.

And in this particular case, there is nothing that congress has specifically said that you can't have two forms.

The supreme Kurt already untilled that when they enjoyed the Ninth Circuit -- or when they stayed the ninth circuit's judgment allowing the bifurcated form.

We'll keep an eye on that one.

Another one out of Chicago.

Local laws can local laws ban semi automatic weapons?

>> Well, that is the question before the Court.

For a long period of time, they have been able to do that.

And it's not -- it's not just semi automatic weapons, most pistols are semi automatics, one shot at a time.

But what is at issue are the so-called assault rifles.

>> The A.I.-15 type.

>> Yes.

I have actually shot one and I am a hunter I am from northern New Mexico, hunt and is part of the life, gun racks in the trucks and everything.

They are not your grandma's rifle.

They can shoot up to 100 round a minute.

You can put clips that hold up to 50 to 100 rounds.

They are a military weapon that is culpable of mass murder.

And states have -- there is a history of states banning them.

How extensive that history is, is another issue.

>> It's a second amendment issue here.

>> It is.

>> The Court likely to -- >> I think the Court is likely to say they can't be banned.

And I'll tell you why.

Already 16 million of them.

They are the second most popular gun in the United States.

They are subautomatics.

One trigger pull at a time.

And they have been around a long tame.

People have been able to buy them a long time of the Clinton administration banned them for a while and then the law expired and no one wanted to renew it.

There is a question, you know, do you really want to ban something with 16 million people have already purchased them.

And they are the second best-selling gun in America?

>> Let's get to more one case hear getting close on time.

>> Sure.

>> This is fascinating.

Environmental case out of Colorado.

Where a city says that these firms, that firms that could be involved in climate change global warm and all of the disaster that is come with it.

They could be liable?

>> They can be.

That's what the oil companies are saying.

And it's not entirely true, Ted One of the companies sued is sun oil company which has three refineries in Colorado that pollute in Colorado.

So it's not just, you know, an oil company in Saudi Arabia, or in Houston, Texas, that is doing this, it's one of their own Colorado companies is doing it in Colorado.

Moreover, there has been a long traditional of states being able to sue foreign companies who create nuisances in their own state.

But on the other hand, you know, this is a problematic case.

Are we going to -- you know, it's the stay of boulder, one of my favorite places on everything, but are we going to let, you know, -- is there going to be one law for Tempe and another law for Mesa, and another law for Phoenix, et cetera, et cetera?

It's going to create chaos, but the problem is, it's not -- there is nothing in the constitution that specifically bans it.

Moreover, there is nothing in the clean air act that specifically bans it or preempts it, so it's a question of implied preemption, and the Court has for a very long time, now, especially the conservatives on the Court, said that implied preemption is something to favored and they won't endorsement so if you apply conservative and states rights principles to this case, boulder and boulder county should win.

But honestly, it's a recipe for chaos.

In what should happen, if the Court doesn't strike down the law, I bet what will happen is congress will be forced to a. This is a multi billion dollars issue.

>> Right.

>> Congress will have to act and then congress I think will specifically preempt it.

And impose a nationwide standard.

Which was what I hope would happen.

But I hope the Court leaves it alone.

Because this is really -- the Court should not legislate this issue.

From the bench in the name of constitutional law.

The constitution is silent as to this issue.

>> Last question about 152nd on this one.

>> Okay.

>> Do decisions by the Supreme Court tend to follow elections?

>> I hope so.

I'll wait until after this election to answer that.

I think in this particular juncture in Supreme Court history, no.

I think this conservative majority intends to impose its will as long as it's the majority.

Always a pressure, sir.

>> Thank you, sir.

♪♪ ♪ ♪♪ ♪ >> HUMANITARIAN FORENSICS IS A FIELD OF RESEARCH THAT INTERSECTS THE HUMANITIES AND SCIENCE, WITH AN EMPHASIS ON TH MISSING AND DECEASED, AND THE SCIENTIFIC METHODS IN IDENTIFYING REMAINS.

TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS RESEARCH, WE WELCOME DR.

TRICIA REDEKER-HEPNER, FROM ASU'S SCHOOL OF SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES.

AND DR.

GABRIELLA SOTO, AN ASU BARRETT HONORS FACULTY FELLOW.

good to have you both here.

Thank you so much for joining us.

>> Thank you zone.

>> Dr.

Hepner, start with you, give me a better definition here.

>> Humanitarian forensics really centers the dignity of the missing and the dead.

And the rights and the needs of the families and communities that are searching for them and searching for answers.

So all over the world people are coping with loss associated with me I Grace, armed conflict, disasters.

And humanitarian forensics applies the methods of forensic science to search, recover, and ideally identify and return those remains to the families that are searching for answers and for resolution.

>> I was going say, Dr.

Soto, sounds like forensics to me but it's forensics plus, correct.

>> In.

>> It's for sen sixes with a soul.

Because so often.

The legal for you.

Wherever dealing with mass casualties and missing team, care for the dead go so far beyond that.

It's really about the soul.

It's about the practitioners, too, offense the field does not talk about mental health in and the trauma associated with the work they do and how involved her this the lives of people this they care for.

>> This conversation we are planning to have about humanitarian foreign ticks will allow us to put these conversations together in an unprecedented way.

>> Mass violence, disaster, maybe migration, these things.

Identifying remains, we have done something on this in the past regarding missing native women.

That's humanitarian forensics that's a focus there, isn't it.

>> It is.

Human rights, another word that we could use to describe it, can really focus on the question of how people go missing, why they go missing.

And work with families and communities and medical, legal experts, medical examiners' offices, scientists community groups to really find information that help us locate those people and return them to their families.

>> Often marginalized people, too.

>> Correct, yes.

>> I know a world with the dead are treated with dignity and the living are not left without answers.

That's the bottom line, isn't in.

>> It is.

We want both.

We owe the dead something but people cannot move on.

Societies cannot move off.

We are impacted by unclaimed dead.

By link everything questions posed by the missing.

And we live with ghosts, so onto speak, that demand more answers and more complexity than just the science of identifying someone.

>> Can you have give is a concrete example I mentioned missing native well, that's one of the an example of where this mentioned comes in to play.

>> Right here in Arizona, this is we reflected all over the world but right here in Arizona we share a board we are Mexico, large, large numbers of people who cross that border.

Many of whom perish in our desert every person that goes missing there is a hole left in a family and community.

What weapon to do is apply the science to help deliver answers to those families.

The science can't tell us everything.

The science can be imperfect.

There is offense times in which identifications cannot be made.

Remains cannot be returned to families and answers are not found.

But we believe joining care and community and science together, can deliver dirt results.

>> Is this a new idea?

Is this something that's developed overtime?

How did this come to be?

>> Sure.

It has dates in the Geneva convention but in Arizona we have the pima county office of the medical examiner who examines the majority of cases of boarder deaths and they have had to pioneer new methods as you have so many missing people and so many unidentified remains.

As you have difficult cases that really ask for care that goes beyond, you know, punishing someone aura resting someone for a crime that we have all of these deaths with parallel causes and you know, pima county, the pima county office of medical examiner in particular, has oiled new levels of transparency a memorial this their offices they are pioneering these things.

This is also happening in Texas As that has we have had these crises, especially global migration, the U.S.-Mexico boarder is one of the deadliest or is the deadliest migration in the world.

We have had to push further it's was demanded of these times.

>> Right.

Last question, here.

I notice that when talking about this in researching, system often failed to pry on are ties dig anyone, one of the reasons that you guys are doing what you are doing and just exist.

Dignity is mentioned.

Awful lot when I was reading up about this.

Define dignity in this context.

>> It's a core concept in human rights.

And international human rights law.

We believe that human remains for example, this is what we are talking about with humanitarian forensics are not just material remains that are left.

They represent a human being, they represent a life.

And one of the things that humanitarian forensics can do is restore identity and personhood.

And meaning to someone's life.

To recognize those remains as a human being.

And that restores dignity.

>> Real quickly, is there a place to go online to learn more about this?

>> Absolutely.

You go go to the new college of interim disciplinary arts and sciences website.

You can just search ASU humanitarian forensics and find information about our upcoming conference happening next week.

More than 500 people from more than 20 countries around the world.

And 50 institutions are coming together.

To start a conversation.

That will live beyond next week We have a home for that conversation.

The humanitarian forensics hub and you can find information about that hug on our website as well.

>> All right, Dr.

Hepner and Dr.

Soto good to have you both.

Great information, very interesting.

Good to have you both there.

>> Thank you so much.

>> Thank you.

♪♪ ♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪ ♪♪ >> THE PHOENIX SYMPHONY HAS APPOINTED A NEW MUSIC DIRECTOR.

PAOLO BORTO-LAMEY-OLLI WILL SERVE AS THE SYMPHONY'S 12TH DIRECTOR IN ITS 80-YEAR HISTORY WE WELCOME PAOLO BORTO-LAMEYOLL TO ARIZONA HORIZON.

I said your name twice because I am so proud of myself.

>> Yes.

You did it so well.

>> Thank you.

It's nice it hear.

You are the music director designate for this year and then the music director like no fooling around next year, correct?

>> Yes.

>> Why the designate.

What's going with that?

>> In a way, when you are guessing united you create expectations and get to know the audience and the orchestra it's like becoming obviously I am already I have a real relationship.

But it's more spaced out the first year.

>> You accepted this position with the Phoenix symphony, why?

>> Oh, because -- good question I came hear for the first time two years ago and you know, every time you get in front of an orchestra, there is this sense of like, okay, these going to be a first date.

Because, you know, we just met and we are just talking and let's see how it goes.

And what I felt with Phoenix symphony it was -- it was a match of energy and collaboration say spirt going in the same direction.

When you have that click, that thing, you say this could be bigger.

>> You don't always have a click, do you?

>> Through music one of the most beautiful things is that you can connect with people through music for sure.

In 10 minutes you already are listening to each other.

Making teaming up for the same goal.

But sometimes this kind of like sensitivity, it's even stronger with some musicians when you compare orchestras.

And with the Phoenix right away >> You talk about music be a transformative force and the power to unite people.

Does classical music still have that ability?

>> Absolutely.

>> Where does class Cam music fit right now in society?

>> Last week tried to explain to someone what an aria is, from an opera.

>> Sure.

>> So I is an aria is what Billie Eilish sings what Freddy Mercury sings why because in the opera when the action stops that's the moment when the main character talks about feelings about, what you are feeling right there.

So everything that is in the surroundings is about like the plot doesn't Patter anymore.

So in a way, what I try to explain is is today this person is that it's not about classical music, it's about the classical music only another way to express things that we cannot say in words.

When talk about classical music you are talking about any other art form.

Movies, rock, obviously the songs that you are listening to on the radio.

It's about that much it's about the human being, you know, kind of like trying to express, I don't think it's dated at all.

>> Is so how do you expand access?

How do you get that message across?

>> Well, talking with you for instance.

>> Okay.

All right.

[ Laughter ] >> And inviting people.

Because in my experience, every time someone goes to a concert hall, when it's the first time, then they realize that probably it wasn't the way they expected.

You know, because you maybe built an impression of classical music, you know, being old or for my dad, or for my grandfather.

But when you are there, and you are seeing 80 people, you know, kind of like plotting together to deliver a message full of energy, when you understand that this is something that comes from people like us, and they are speaking out about passion about energy, about ideas, then you link, you relate.

And then you say, wow.

Why did I miss this for so long >> Yeah.

And yet you say you are passionately committed to new music.

>> Yes.

>> What is new music when it comes to classical music?

And do classical music fans like those at the Phoenix symphony, do they always want new music?

>> Yes and no.

[ Laughter ] >> Because sometimes contemporary music can be difficult as a contrary painting.

Or even like a very abstract movie.

But at the same time, we should not confuse the word new music with strange.

That's not always the case.

There is a lot of new music that sounds completely, you know, close to you.

I mean, two years ago, when I had my first date with the Phoenix symphony, we perform one of the pieces in the program, was a piece of North American composer called Kevin putts, contact.

That piece was written five, seven years ago.

That's new music.

>> Yes.

>> People loved it.

So much.

Because it was about, you know, energy, there was a lot of colors in the orchestra.

But I am serious, not trying to sell it, people loved it.

>> Yeah, yeah, that's important Because that's what you want to see more people coming into the Phoenix symphony.

Which performances will you be involved with this season?

>> Now this weekend, we have like a very good one.

With symphony with one of the most beloved pieces in the repertoire what is rock man November's third piano concerto.

I don't know you remember the movie shine.

>> That's the one no one can play, right.

>> It's.

>> Yeah, the unplayable piece, exactly.

You should come.

And see that.

>> Come play.

>> Someone incredibly.

>> An amazing pianist She's phenomenal and playing that.

Later on, I am going to be conducting the right of spring, also Mueller five.

All fun pieces.

>> Holy smokes, good to meet you, congratulations on your success.

>> Thank you.

>> Best of luck on the season and Paolo Borto-Lameyolli.

I am just -- aren't I something >> Yes.

>> I can be on stage performing saying your fame over and over again.

>> Absolutely.

Yes.

>> Good to me meet you thank you so much for being here.

>> Thank you.

>> That's it for now.

I am tell Simons, thank you so much for joining us.

You have a great evening.

♪♪ ♪ >> I like to think that at "Arizona Horizon", we are unique in the way that we present information.

Public policy, sometimes news, these sorts of things, because we have conversations.

And I don't want conversations, that knew Hue man interaction to go out of style and I hope with "Arizona Horizon" it never goes out the style.

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